2 PUBH 5133 Workplace Wellness and Health Promotion
Mary Hanratty
Week 1
- Course Syllabus Review & Course Overview, No Lecture
Week 2
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What is Workplace Wellness and Promotion?
- Definition and Overviews:
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- Violence / Bullying
- Work-Life Balance
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- Impairment
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- Mental Health
- Promotion
- Program Development
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- Stress
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- The Ottawa Charter
- Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion: An International Conference on Health Promotion (Government of Canada)
- An Introduction to Health Promotion and the Ottawa charter (Youtube Video)
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- Benefits of workplace health and wellness programs
- What employees need in order to feel healthier
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- What you can do to be healthy and well
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- How to improve employee health
- Responsible hosting of workplace social events
- Preventing alcohol and drug problems in the workplace
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- Responsible hosting of workplace social events
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Organizational Culture
- Introduction
- Learn about the National Standard – Organizational Culture (Youtube Video)
- Introduction
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- What is organizational culture?
- Why is organizational culture important?
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- Where can we start if we want to improve our organizational culture?
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- How do we train our team and leaders to maintain a positive organizational culture?
- How can we improve communication around organizational culture?
- How can we embed a positive organizational culture into our policies and procedures?
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- How do we continually improve when it comes to organizational culture?
- Next steps: Committing to a positive organizational culture
- Objective
- Benefits
- Reflection questions
- Building A Culture Of Workplace Health: More Complicated Than Offering Workers Money To Be Healthy (Health Affiars)
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The Wellness Wheel
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- Emotional Wellness
- Environmental Wellness
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- Financial Wellness
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- Intellectual Wellness
- Occupational Wellness
- Physical Wellness
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- Social Wellness
- Spiritual Wellness
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- WHO called to return to the Declaration of Alma-Ata
- bringing health care to daily life, including work
Week 3
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Physical and Mental Wellbeing
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Physical Wellbeing
- Physical Wellbeing (Australian National University)
- Setting up a comfortable ergonomic work or study space at home to prevent pain or injury
- Keep that Body Moving – Maintaining movement throughout your work or study time
- Find your 30 – Continuing to exercise
- Eating well
- How to get a good night’s sleep
- Continuing Routine Health Checks
- Physical Wellness Toolkit (NIH, US)
- Physical Wellbeing (Australian National University)
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Mental Health
- About Mental Health (CDC)
- What is mental health?
- Why is mental health important for overall health?
- Can your mental health change over time?
- How common are mental illnesses?
- What causes mental illness?
- 5 steps to mental wellbeing (NHS, UK)
- About Mental Health (CDC)
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Physical Wellness and Mental Health
- Physical and Mental Wellness (University of Alberta)
- How does my mental health affect my physical health? (Mental Health Foundation, UK)
- Connection Between Mental and Physical Health (Canadian Mental Health Association, On)
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In-depth Journal Article
- Ohrnberger, J., Fichera, E., & Sutton, M. (2017). The relationship between physical and mental health: A mediation analysis. Social science & medicine, 195, 42-49. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953617306639
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Indigenous community Health
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- First Nations Perspective on Health and Wellness (First Nations Health Authority)
- Access to Health Services as a Social Determinant of First Nations, Inuit and Metis Health (PDF) (National Collaborating Centre for Indigenous Health)
- Breaking down the barriers indigenous people face in Canada’s health-care system (Canadian Patient Safety Institute)
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Work/Life Balance
- Work-life balance (Mental Health Foundation, UK)
- What does a good work-life balance look like?
- How do I know if my work-life balance is unhealthy?
- Helping yourself
- How your workplace can help
- Work/Life Balance (CCOHS)
- Work-Life Balance Quiz – Are you in Balance? (Canadian Mental Health Association)
- Work-life balance (Mental Health Foundation, UK)
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Ergonomic Programs
Week 4
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Harassment and Violence
- The Basics
- Bullying and Violence (PDF) (OHS Body of Knowledge, Au)
- Extent of the problem (P.6)
- Understanding Workplace Bullying, Aggression and Violence (P.9)
- Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (P.15)
- Risk control methods (P.19)
- Implications for OHS practice (P.22)
- Bullying in the Workplace (CCOHS)
- Workplace harassment and violence could be in physical or psychological forms.
- Bullying and Violence (PDF) (OHS Body of Knowledge, Au)
- Prevention and Control, Guidelines
- Guide for Preventing and Responding to Workplace Bullying (PDF) (Safe Work Australia)
- Impact of Workplace Bullying (P.8)
- Who Has Duties in Relation to Workplace Bullying? (P.8)
- How Can the Risk of Workplace Bullying be Managed? (P.9)
- Preventing Workplace Bullying (P.11)
- Responding to Workplace Bullying (P.17)
- Investigations (P.22)
- External Avenues (P.25)
- Guide for Preventing and Responding to Workplace Bullying (PDF) (Safe Work Australia)
- Preventing and Responding to Workplace Bullying:
- Best Practices Guidelines (Work Safe New Zealand)
- Advice to Employees (P.15)
- Preventing Bullying in Your Workplace (P.27)
- Measuring Bullying in Your Workplace (P.38)
- Advice for Employers: Dealing with Reports of Bullying (P.41)
- Roles and Responsibilities for Preventing and Managing Bullying (P.51)
- Useful Tools for Preventing and Managing Bullying (P.54)
- 3 Case Studies (P.65)
- Best Practices Guidelines (Work Safe New Zealand)
- The Basics
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Safety and Security
- Security and safety (Work Sage Saskatchewan)
- What is security and safety?
- Why is security and safety important?
- How can I ensure my workers know that I support and encourage them to maintain healthy work-life harmony?
- How do I respond in an effective and timely manner to any potential risks to worker psychological safety?
- How do I recognize and address the psychological impacts of workplace bullying, harassment or unresolved conflict on workers?
- Next steps: Committing to enhancing security and safety as a leader
- A safe workplace is sound business (OSHA)
- Workplace Safety in the Foodservice Industry (Open Textbook) (BC Campus)
- Chapter 11 Workplace Safety Procedures
- Cybersecurity in Workplace
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Journal Article
The Interface of Safety and Security; The Workplac (Full Article) (Research Gate)
- Boustras, G. (2020). The interface of safety and security; The workplace. In The Coupling of Safety and Security (pp. 97-104). Springer, Cham. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344004114_The_Interface_of_Safety_and_Security_The_Workplace
- Safety and Security – Workplace (Policy) (Saskatchewan Workers’ Compensation Board)
- Some Real-World Practices:
- Security and safety (Work Sage Saskatchewan)
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Mental Health
Week 5
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Injury Management
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Workers Compensation
- Workers’ Compensation (The Canadian Encyclopedia)
- History
- Compensation
- Workers Compensation (Association of Workers’ Compensation Board of Canada)
- History
- Meredith Report
- What are the Meredith Principles?
- Sir William Meredith
- Workers’ Compensation Timeline
- Workers’ Compensation Boards in Canada (CCOHS)
- Federal Workers’ Compensation Service (Government of Canada)
- WCB Overview (Workers’ Compensation Board of Nova Scotia)
- Workers’ Compensation (The Canadian Encyclopedia)
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Return to Work Planning
- Return to work and rehabilitation supporting services.
- Health and Safety in Canadian Workplaces (Open Book) (Athabasca University Press)
- Disability Management and Return to Work
- Health and Safety in Canadian Workplaces (Open Book) (Athabasca University Press)
- The Fundamentals – Return-to-Work Plan (Government of Canada)
- Return to Work: A Foundational Approach to Return to Function (PDF) (International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions)
- Rehabilitation (WHO)
- Support for Recovery (Government of Canada)
- Workplace Supported Recovery Program (CDC)
- Vocational Rehabilitation Returning to Work – A Team Effort (PDF) (Workers Compensation Board of Manitoba)
- Return to work and rehabilitation supporting services.
Week 6
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Benefit Programs
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- How to Design an Employee Benefits Program (the Society for Human Resource Management)
- 5 Workplace Benefits On The Rise In 2021 And Beyond (Forbes)
- Benefit Program Policies from the Governments:
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Disability Management
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- Guide to Managing Human Resources (UC Berkeley People & Culture)
- Disability Management
- Introduction
- Guiding Principles
- Concepts & Definitions
- Workers’ Compensation
- Non-Work-Related Injuries
- Vocational Rehabilitation
- Return to Work
- Resources
- Disability Management
- What is Disability Management (DM) and Return to Work (RTW) (Pacific Coast University, Ca)
- Guide to Managing Human Resources (UC Berkeley People & Culture)
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Short Term Disability and Long-Term Disability
- Disability insurance (Government of Canada)
- Decide if you need disability insurance
- Short-term disability insurance
- Long-term disability insurance
- Definition of disability
- Other sources of disability benefits
- Offsetting of benefits
- Disability insurance benefits and taxes
- What to ask when buying disability insurance
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Short Term Disability (STD)
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Long Term Disability (LTD)
- Disability insurance (Government of Canada)
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- Difference Between Short-Term and Long-Term Disability
- Short & Long-Term Disability Benefits in Nova Scotia
- How Do Short-Term and Long-Term Disability Work in Nova Scotia
- What is the difference between short-term and long-term disability insurance? (Legalline, Ca)
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Week 7
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Diversity and Inclusion
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Human Rights
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Health and Wellness Ethics
- An Introduction to Health Ethics (Nova Scotia Health Ethics Network)
- What is Ethics?
- What is Health Ethics?
- Types of Ethics
- Some Theoretical Concepts in Ethics
- Take Ten Ethical Issues Facing Health/Fitness Professionals (ACSM’s Health & Fitness Journal)
- Online Course – An Introduction to Public Health Ethics (Registration Required) (National Collaborating Centre for Healthy Public Policy, Qc)
- An Introduction to Health Ethics (Nova Scotia Health Ethics Network)
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In-depth Journal Articles Reading
- Health and Wellness Policy Ethics (Full Article) (Pub Med Central)
- Cavico, F. J., & Mujtaba, B. G. (2013). Health and wellness policy ethics. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 1(2), 111. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3937918/
- Is the workplace wellness program doing good?: ethical considerations around health promotion at workplace (Full Article) (J-Stage: Environmental and Occupational Health Practice)
- Kakimoto, K. (2020). Is the workplace wellness program doing good?: ethical considerations around health promotion at workplace. Environmental and Occupational Health Practice. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/eohp/2/1/2_2020-0016-RA/_html/-char/en
- Ethics: Employer-Sponsored Wellness Programs for Nurses: The Ethics of Carrots and Sticks (Full Article)
- Sorrell, J. Ethics: Employer-Sponsored Wellness Programs for Nurses: The Ethics of Carrots and Sticks. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 20(1). https://ojin.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Vol-20-2015/No1-Jan-2015/Employer-Sponsored-Wellness-Programs-for-Nurses-The-Ethics-of-Carrots-and-Sticks.html
- Health and Wellness Policy Ethics (Full Article) (Pub Med Central)
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Week 8
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Substance Abuse
- Substance Abuse / Chemical Dependency (John Hopkins Medicine)
- Substance (drug) abuse (alcohol or other drugs)
- Substance (drug) dependence
- What substances are most often abused?
- What causes drug abuse or dependence?
- What are the symptoms of drug abuse or dependence?
- How is drug abuse or dependence diagnosed?
- Treatment for drug abuse or dependence
- Substance Use in the Workplace (CCOHS)
- Why should a workplace address problematic substance use issues?
- What will be covered in this document?
- In general, what are the effects of various types of substances?
- What happens when a person uses substances?
- Are there elements of work that may contribute to the use of substances?
- What can the workplace do?
- Substance Use and the Workplace – Ways to increase well-being and reduce risk (Here to Help, BC)
- Substance Abuse / Chemical Dependency (John Hopkins Medicine)
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Drug and Alcohol Programs
- A Review of Workplace Substance Use Policies in Canada – Strengths, Gaps and Key Considerations (PDF) (Canadian Cente on Substance Use and Addiction)
- Drug & Alcohol Dependency and the Employer’s Duty to Accommodate (go2HR, BC’s tourism and hospitality human resource and health & safety association)
- Drug Testing in the Canadian Workplace (Here to Help, BC)
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- Guidelines and Resources:
- Impaired at Work – A guide to accommodating substance dependence (PDF) (Canadian Human Rights Commission)
- Alcohol and drug guidelines and work rule – Canadian Model for Providing A Safe Workplace (PDF) (Construction Owners Association of Alberta)
- Workplace Alcohol and Drug Resource Package – Practical Advice and Tools for Dealing with Alcohol, Drugs and Other Causes of Poor Worker Performance (PDF) (BC Forest Safety Council)
- Substance Use and the Workplace – Tools and Resources (PDF)(Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction)
- With links to different resources
- Guidelines and Resources:
Week 9
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Employee Assistance Programs
- Employee Assistance Programs (EAP) (CCOHS)
- What is an EAP?
- Do we offer EAP Services?
- Who offers EAP services and how do I find them?
- Do we certify or License EAP providers?
- What is the purpose of an EAP?
- What types of services does an EAP offer?
- Who can use an EAP?
- What happens when I call an EAP?
- What happens with an EAP referral and who knows about it?
- What makes an EAP successful?
- What things should be considered when contracting or hiring an EAP provider?
- Employee Assistance Programs (EAP) (CCOHS)
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- About the EAP
- New EAP Chat Service
- EAP client survey
- 24-hour crisis and referral center
- Network of professionals that represents a diverse public service
- Counselling services
- Quality assurance
- Dedicated management team
- Managing Employee Assistance Programs (the Society for Human Resource Management)
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Attendance Management & Human Resources
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Absenteeism
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Key Takeaways
- Financial impact of a comprehensive multisite workplace health promotion program (Full Article)
- Aldana, S. G., Merrill, R. M., Price, K., Hardy, A., & Hager, R. (2005). Financial impact of a comprehensive multisite workplace health promotion program. Preventive medicine, 40(2), 131-137. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091743504002786?casa_token=b-pQbhLeFBEAAAAA:_Sx2jy3IYHGGxi1KobymuByfzkAChb2viimz7G7Ab6maRR73UyJXnXd0EEqaOJ5br1fpS5i6
- Effects of Wellness Programs on Job Satisfaction, Stress and Absenteeism between Two Groups of Employees (Attended and Not Attended) (Full Article)
- Abdullah, D. N. M. A., & Lee, O. Y. (2012). Effects of wellness programs on job satisfaction, stress and absenteeism between two groups of employees (attended and not attended). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 65, 479-484. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042812051373#:~:text=The%20findings%20also%20showed%20that,the%20respondents%20who%20have%20not
- Conclusion: Wellness program participation was found linked to significant reduction in employee absenteeism.
- Abdullah, D. N. M. A., & Lee, O. Y. (2012). Effects of wellness programs on job satisfaction, stress and absenteeism between two groups of employees (attended and not attended). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 65, 479-484. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042812051373#:~:text=The%20findings%20also%20showed%20that,the%20respondents%20who%20have%20not
- Financial impact of a comprehensive multisite workplace health promotion program (Full Article)
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- Managing Employee Attendance (the Society for Human Resource Management)
- Attendance Management (Canadian Union of Public Employees)
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- What is Attendance Management?
- How are attendance management programs implemented?
- Establishing a standard for absenteeism
- Initiating an attendance review process
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- Dismissal
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- How do these programs impact workers’ health?
- Bargain better protections
- Some legal considerations
- Attendance Management A guide to best practices on current issues (PDF Slides) (Koskie Minsky Barristers & Solicitors)
- Attendance Management Programs: Doing It Right (PDF) (IRC Press Queen’s University)
- Absenteeism in the Canadian Labour Context (P.1)
- General Arbitration Principles (P.4)
- Attendance Management Programs (P.7)
- Arbitration Awards (P.9)
- Conclusion (P.19)
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Week 10
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- Reading Week, No Lecture
Week 11
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Health Promotion
- Basic Concepts in Prevention and Health Promotion (The Association of Faculties of Medicine of Canada)
- Natural History of Disease and the Stages of Prevention
- Implementing Prevention, Health Protection and Health Promotion Programmes
- Health Promotion (WHO)
- Overview
- Strategy
- Focus
- Health promotion (Government of Canada)
- Quick Links to Different Topics
- Health Promotion Resources (New Foundland & Labrador Health and Community Services)
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Key Takeaways
- Health Promotion: An Effective Tool for Global Health (Full Article, Pub Med Central)
- Kumar, S., & Preetha, G. S. (2012). Health promotion: an effective tool for global health. Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 37(1), 5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3326808/
- Health Promotion: An Effective Tool for Global Health (Full Article, Pub Med Central)
- Basic Concepts in Prevention and Health Promotion (The Association of Faculties of Medicine of Canada)
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Strategies and Initiatives
- Design of Workplace also Plays in Health and Wellness
- Workplace Design Contributions to Mental Health and Well-being (PDF) (National Research Council Canada)
- Social Relations
- Attention Focus
- Stress Reduction
- Photobiology
- Workplace Design Contributions to Mental Health and Well-being (PDF) (National Research Council Canada)
- Strategies of Health Promotion (PDF Slides) (Researchgate)
- Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health. (VicHealth, Au)
- What is the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion?
- Does health promotion work?
- What are the strategies for success?
- What is VicHealth’s approach?
- Health promotion developments
- Key events and outcomes: Victorian government
- Strategy and Plan of Action on Health Promotion Within the Context of The Sustainable Development Goals (PDF) (WHO)
- Workplace health initiatives: evidence of effectiveness (PDF) (C3 Collaborating for Health)
- Design of Workplace also Plays in Health and Wellness
Week 12
- Building Wellness into Organizations
- Creating a Corporate Wellness Program: Everything You Need to Know (Closing the Gap Healthcare Group Inc)
- How to Establish and Design a Wellness Program (The Society for Human Resources Management)
- Step 1: Conduct Assessments
- Step 2: Obtain Management Support
- Step 3: Establish a Wellness Committee
- Step 4: Develop Goals and Objectives
- Step 5: Establish a Budget
- Step 6: Design WEllness Program Components
- Step 7: Select Wellness Program Incentives or Rewards
- Step 8: Communicate The Wellness Plan
- Step 9: Evaluate The Sucess of The Program
- Wellness at work: Building healthy workplaces (Full Article) (Pub Med Central)
- Stoewen, D. L. (2016). Wellness at work: Building healthy workplaces. The Canadian Veterinary Journal, 57(11), 1188. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5081153/
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- Physical work environment
- Psychosocial work environment
- Personal health resources
- Enterprise community involvement
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- Creating a Workplace Wellness Committee A Toolkit for Employers (PDF) (Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company, in Mississippi State Department of Health)
- Mental Wellness in the Workplace: A Playbook for Employers (PDF Slides) (Ontario Chamber of Commerce)
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Initiatives
- How to Engage Employees in Wellness Program?
- Engaging Employees in Their Health and Wellness (CDC)
- Employee Engagement in Workplace Wellness
- Achieving Wellness Program Engagement
- Ways to Engage Employees in Elements of a Comprehensive
- Design & Analyze
- Implement
- Evaluation Success
- Engaging Employees in Their Health and Wellness (CDC)
- How to Engage Employees in Wellness Program?
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- Worksite Wellness Program
- Opportunities and Resources
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Journal Articles for Reading
- Factors associated with participation or nonparticipation in a workplace wellness center (Pub Med)
- Alexy, B. B. (1991). Factors associated with participation or nonparticipation in a workplace wellness center. Research in nursing & health, 14(1), 33-40. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2017580/
- Factors associated with participation and non-participation in an employee health promotion program at a medical center (ProQuest)
- Hallion, M. E. (1996). Factors associated with participation and non-participation in an employee health promotion program at a medical center. Temple University. https://www.proquest.com/openview/a49794719b179b5238591ec01f612133/1?cbl=18750&diss=y&pq-origsite=gscholar
- Are workplace health promotion programmes effective for all socioeconomic groups? A systematic review (PDF) (Full Article)
- van de Ven, D., Robroek, S. J., & Burdorf, A. (2020). Are workplace health promotion programmes effective for all socioeconomic groups? A systematic review. Occupational and environmental medicine, 77(9), 589-596. https://oem.bmj.com/content/oemed/77/9/589.full.pdf
- Factors associated with participation or nonparticipation in a workplace wellness center (Pub Med)
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- Workplace Health Initiatives (CDC)
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Program Development
- Key Issues in Canada
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Journal Article
Workplace wellness programs in Canada: An exploration of key issues (Full Article)
- Morrison, E., & MacKinnon, N. J. (2008, April). Workplace wellness programs in Canada: an exploration of key issues. In Healthcare Management Forum (Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 26-32). Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1016/S0840-4704%2810%2960126-3
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- Who should be also involved in designing the program? Partnering for Prevention With Workplace Health Promotion Programs (PubMed Central)
- Berry, L. L., & Mirabito, A. M. (2011). Partnering for prevention with workplace health promotion programs. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 86(4), 335–337. https://doi.org/10.4065/mcp.2010.0803 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3068893/
- Workplace Health and Well-being – Sample Workplace Health and Well-being Program Elements (CCOHS)
- What can be considered a workplace health and well-being program?
- What are examples of administrative data that could be used to monitor program results?
- Workplace Health and Well-being – Comprehensive Workplace Health and Safety Program (CCOHS)
- What is a Comprehensive Workplace Health and Safety Program?
- What are the benefits of a CWHS Program?
- how do I establish a CWHS Program that supports mental health?
- What are the components of a CWHS Program?
- Training and Prevention
- Health and Safety in Canadian Workplaces (Athabasca University Press)
- Chapter 8 Training and Injury Prevention Program
- Health and Safety in Canadian Workplaces (Athabasca University Press)
- Key Issues in Canada
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- Stages of The Guide (P.13)
- Worksheets (P.51)
- Appendices (P.65) (Samples of Promotion Materials)
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Example:
- Wipfli, H., Zacharias, K. D., Nivvy Hundal, N., Shigematsu, L., Bahl, D., Arora, M., Bassi, S., & Kumar, S. (2018). Workplace wellness programming in low-and middle-income countries: a qualitative study of corporate key informants in Mexico and India. Globalization and health, 14(1), 46. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-018-0362-9
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Week 13
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Assessing Workplace Health
- Fit to Work (CCOHS)
- What is meant by fit to work?
- How is the assessment done?
- Why would this assessment be done?
- Can my employer really ask for this kind of information?
- How will I know if the employer requires an assessment?
- What are Occupational Health Assessments?
- Assessment (In Workplace Health Model) (CDC)
- What is workplace health assessment
- Factors influencing workplace health
- How to conduct workplace health assessment
- Other Additional Sources of Data Relevant to Worksite Health
- Key questions
- Assessment (In Workplace Health Model) (CDC)
- Occupational Health Assessment Program (OHAP) (WSIB Ontario)
- Assess your current situation and needs (Department of Health, NB)
- It contains links to some related information, tools and resources
- Fit to Work (CCOHS)
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Promotion Strategies
- Workplace Health Strategies (CDC)
- Workplace Health and Well-being Promotion – Getting Started (CCOHS)
- Workplace Mental Health Promotion: A How-To Guide (PDF) (Canadian Mental Health Association, Toronto)
- Promoting Employee Well-Being – Wellness Strategies to Improve Health, Performance and the Bottom Line (PDF) (SHRM.org)
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In-depth Journal Article
- Cooper, C. L., & Cartwright, S. (1994). Healthy mind; healthy organization—A proactive approach to occupational stress. Human relations, 47(4), 455-471. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/001872679404700405
- Workplace Health Model (CDC)
- Control Health Care Costs
- Increase Productivity
- Accommodate Aging Workforce Population
- Utilize Effective Interventions
- Improve Morale and Organizational Reputation
- Assessment
- Organizational Level Assessment
- Employee Level Assessment
- Healthcare Cost Data
- Planning/Workplace Governance
- Leadership Support
- Governance Structure and Management
- Workplace Health Improvement Plan
- Dedicated Resources
- Communications
- Workplace Health Informatics
- Control Health Care Costs
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- Implementation
- Health-related Programs
- Health-related Policies
- Health Benefits
- Environmental Support
- Evaluation
- Worker Productivity Measures
- Health Care Costs Measures
- Health Outcomes Measures
- Organizational Change Measures
- Implementation