11 PUBH 5137 Occupational Toxicology

Helen Mersereau

Recommended Readings:

  1. Environmental Toxicology (University of Minnesota)
  2. Toxicology in Occupational and Environmental Setting (PDF)(WILEY-VCH, Germany)
  3. Other Recommended Textbook:
    • Gupta, P. K. (2016). Fundamentals of toxicology: essential concepts and applications. Academic Press. (Available Online on CBU Library)

 

Section 1: General Principles of Toxicology

          • Dose-Response Terms. (P.3 – 4)
            • Toxic Dose Low (TDLO)
            • Toxic Concentration Low (TCLO)
            • Lethal Dose Low (LDLO)
            • Lethal Dose Fifty (LD50)
            • Lethal Concentration Low (LCLO)
            • Lethal Concentration Fifty (LC50)
          • Limitations of Dose-Response Terms
            (P. 4)
          • TABLE 1 Summary of Dose-Response Terms (P.4)
        • Margins of Safety (MOS)

Exercises

Module One – Test Your Knowledge Quiz (Introduction to Toxicology) (CDC)

 

Section 2: Mechanisms of Toxicity

  • Chapter in Brief

  • Detailed Explanation:

    • Membrane Penetration (Affecting Absorption, Delivery and Disposition of Toxicants)

      • Toxicology in Occupational and Environmental Setting (PDF) (WILEY-VCH, Germany) (Access link in the beginning of this course)
        • Section 2.2 Absorption (P.24)
        • 2.2.1 Membranes (P.24)
        • 2.2.2. Penetration of Membranes by Chemicals (P.25)
          • Diffusion of Chemicals through Membranes. (P.25)
        • 2.2.3. Mechanisms of Transport of Xenobiotics through Membranes (P.26)

    • Absorption

      • Section 10: Absorption (ToxTutor, NIH National Library of Medicine)
      • Toxicology in Occupational and Environmental Setting (PDF) (WILEY-VCH, Germany) (Access link in the beginning of this course)
        • Section 2.2.4 Absorption
          • 2.2.4.1 Dermal Absorption (P.27)
          • 2.2.4.2. Gastrointestinal Absorption (P.30)
          • 2.2.4.3. Absorption of Xenobiotics by the
          • Respiratory System (P.31)
              • 2.5.4. Phase-I Enzymes and their Reactions (P.39)
              • 2.5.5. Phase-II Biotransformation Enzymes and their Reactions (P.45)
        • Section 4.2. Toxicodynamics & Molecular Interactions
          • 4.2.1. Protein Inactivation
          • 4.2.2. Receptor interaction
          • 4.2.3. Oxidative stress – I.
          • 4.2.3. Oxidative stress – II.
          • 4.2.4. Cytotoxicity: xenobiotic compounds causing cell death
      • Toxicology in Occupational and Environmental Setting (PDF) (WILEY-VCH, Germany) (Access link in the beginning of this course)
        • Mechanisms of Acute and Chronic Toxicity and Mechanisms of Chemical Carcinogenesis
          • 3.1. Biochemical Basis of Toxicology (P.69)
          • 3.2. Receptor-Ligand Interactions (P.70)
          • 3.3. Binding of Xenobiotics to Biomolecules (P.74)
          • 3.4. Perturbation of Calcium Homeostasis by Xenobiotics or their Metabolites (P.77)
          • 3.5. Nonlethal Genetic Alterations in
          • Somatic Cells and Carcinogenesis (P.78)
          • 3.6. DNA Structure and Function (P.79)
          • 3.7. Molecular Mechanisms of Malignant Transformation and Tumor Formation (P.81)
          • 3.8. Mechanisms of Chemically Induced Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity (P.84)
      • Outcomes of Targeted and Non-Targeted Toxicity (Chemistry LibreTexts, US)
        • Covalent Binding
        • Electron Transfer
          • Duration and Frequency of Exposure (P.5)
          • Route of Exposure (P.6)
          • Interspecies Variation (P.6)
          • Intraspecies Variations (P.6)
          • Environmental Factors (P.6)
          • Chemical Combinations (P.6)

  • Quiz

Exercises

Module Two – Test Your Knowledge Quiz (Route of Exposure) (CDC）

 

Section 3: Toxic Responses and Symptoms of Selected Chemicals

  • Common Effects Caused by Toxicants:

 

Section 4: Common Occupational Toxicants

      • Common hazardous substances
      • Possible side effects of exposure to hazardous substances
      • Labels and Safety Data Sheets for hazardous substances
      • Reducing exposure to hazardous substances
      • Hazardous substances – written records
      • Professional advice about hazardous substances
      • Benzene
      • Asbestos

 

Section 5: Scientific Research Principles

 

Section 6: Occupational Toxicants Identification

Examples

Exercises

Module Three – Test Your Knowledge Quiz (Risk Assessment) (CDC)

 

Section 7: Workplace Health Surveillance

        • Missing the Diagnosis
        • Health Surveillance
        • Exposure Monitoring
        • When is Health Surveillance Needed?
        • Statutory Health Surveillance
        • Occupational Health Surveillance is not a General Check-Up
        • The Sentinel Health Event Approach
        • Clinical and Physiological Assessments
        • Primary Prevention in the Workplace
        • Medical Screening and Surveillance
        • Developing a Medical Surveillance Plan
          1. Hazard Assessment
          2. Employee Eligibility Determination
          3. Screening Activities
          4. Biological Monitoring

Exercises

Module Four – Test Your Knowledge Quiz (Survey of Toxic Substances) (CDC)

 

          1. Federal / National
          2. Provincial
          3. Territorial

 

Exercises

Self Assessment Exercises In Toxicology (PDF) (Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps)

 

License

Cape Breton University Occupational Health and Safety Management Copyright © 2022 by Bernard MacLennan. All Rights Reserved.

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