Review Questions
4. Which of the following methods will tell an ecologist about both the size and density of a population?
- mark and recapture
- mark and release
- quadrat
- life table
5. Which of the following is best at showing the life expectancy of an individual within a population?
- quadrat
- mark and recapture
- survivorship curve
- life table
6. Humans have which type of survivorship curve?
- Type I
- Type II
- Type III
- Type IV
7. How is a clumped population distribution beneficial for prey animals?
- Being a member of a larger group provides protection for each individual from predators.
- Prey animals rely on each other to acquire food.
- Prey animals live in small family groups to raise young.
- Clumped population distributions ensure that at least one member of the population knows how to identify the seasonal migration route.
8. Which of the following is associated with long-term parental care?
- few offspring
- many offspring
- semelparity
- fecundity
9. Which of the following is associated with multiple reproductive episodes during a species’ lifetime?
- semiparity
- iteroparity
- semelparity
- fecundity
10. Which of the following is associated with the reproductive potential of a species?
- few offspring
- many offspring
- semelparity
- fecundity
11. Species with limited resources usually exhibit a(n) ________ growth curve.
- logistic
- logical
- experimental
- exponential
12. The maximum rate of increased characteristic of a species is called its ________.
- limit
- carrying capacity
- biotic potential
- exponential growth pattern
13. The population size of a species capable of being supported by the environment is called its ________.
- limit
- carrying capacity
- biotic potential
- logistic growth pattern
14. Species that have many offspring at one time are usually:
- r-selected
- K-selected
- both r– and K-selected
- not selected
15. A forest fire is an example of ________ regulation.
- density-dependent
- density-independent
- r-selected
- K-selected
16. Primates are examples of:
- density-dependent species
- density-independent species
- r-selected species
- K-selected species
17. Which of the following statements does not support the conclusion that giraffes are k-selected species?
- Giraffes are approximately 6’ tall and weigh 150 lbs at birth.
- Wild giraffes begin mating at 6-7 years of age.
- Newborn giraffes are capable of coordinated walking within an hour of birth, and running within 24 hours of birth.
- Giraffes rarely give birth to twins.
18. Which of the following events would not negatively impact Yellowstone’s grey wolf carrying capacity?
- snow in winter
- a beaver damming a river upstream
- a forest fire
- chronic wasting disease in the deer population
19. A country with zero population growth is likely to be ________.
- in Africa
- in Asia
- economically developed
- economically underdeveloped
20. Which type of country has the greatest proportion of young individuals?
- economically developed
- economically underdeveloped
- countries with zero population growth
- countries in Europe
21. Which of the following is not a way that humans have increased the carrying capacity of the environment?
- agriculture
- using large amounts of natural resources
- domestication of animals
- use of language
22. The first species to live on new land, such as that formed from volcanic lava, are called ________.
- climax community
- keystone species
- foundation species
- pioneer species
23. Which type of mimicry involves multiple species with similar warning coloration that are all toxic to predators?
- Batesian mimicry
- Müllerian mimicry
- Emsleyan/Mertensian mimicry
- Mertensian mimicry
24. A symbiotic relationship where both of the coexisting species benefit from the interaction is called ________.
- commensalism
- parasitism
- mutualism
- communism
25. Which of the following is not a mutualistic relationship?
- a shark using an aquatic cleaning station
- a helminth feeding from its host
- a bumblebee collecting pollen from a flower
- bacteria living in the gut of humans
26. The ability of rats to learn how to run a maze is an example of ________.
- imprinting
- classical conditioning
- operant conditioning
- cognitive learning
27. The training of animals usually involves ________.
- imprinting
- classical conditioning
- operant conditioning
- cognitive learning
28. The sacrifice of the life of an individual so that the genes of relatives may be passed on is called ________.
- operant learning
- kin selection
- kinesis
- imprinting
29. Why are polyandrous mating systems more rare than polygynous matings?
- Only males are capable of multiple rounds of reproduction within a single breeding season.
- Only females care for the young.
- Females usually experience more intrasexual selection pressure than males.
- Females usually devote more energy to offspring production and development.