Review Questions
4. GMOs are created by ________.
- generating genomic DNA fragments with restriction endonucleases
- introducing recombinant DNA into an organism by any means
- overexpressing proteins in E. coli
- all of the above
5. Gene therapy can be used to introduce foreign DNA into cells ________.
- for molecular cloning
- by PCR
- of tissues to cure inheritable disease
- all of the above
6. Insulin produced by molecular cloning:
- is of pig origin
- is a recombinant protein
- is made by the human pancreas
- is recombinant DNA
7. Bt toxin is considered to be ________.
- a gene for modifying insect DNA
- an organic insecticide produced by bacteria
- useful for humans to fight against insects
- a recombinant protein
8. The Flavr Savr Tomato:
- is a variety of vine-ripened tomato in the supermarket
- was created to have better flavor and shelf-life
- does not undergo soft rot
- all of the above
9. ESTs are ________.
- generated after a cDNA library is made
- unique sequences in the genome
- useful for mapping using sequence information
- all of the above
10. Linkage analysis ________.
- is used to create a physical map
- is based on the natural recombination process
- requires radiation hybrid mapping
- involves breaking and rejoining of DNA artificially
11. Genetic recombination occurs by which process?
- independent assortment
- crossing over
- chromosome segregation
- sister chromatids
12. Individual genetic maps in a given species are:
- genetically similar
- genetically identical
- genetically dissimilar
- not useful in species analysis
13. Information obtained by microscopic analysis of stained chromosomes is used in:
- radiation hybrid mapping
- sequence mapping
- RFLP mapping
- cytogenetic mapping
14. The chain termination method of sequencing:
- uses labeled ddNTPs
- uses only dideoxynucleotides
- uses only deoxynucleotides
- uses labeled dNTPs
15. Whole-genome sequencing can be used for advances in:
- the medical field
- agriculture
- biofuels
- all of the above
16. Sequencing an individual person’s genome
- is currently possible
- could lead to legal issues regarding discrimination and privacy
- could help make informed choices about medical treatment
- all of the above
17. What is the most challenging issue facing genome sequencing?
- the inability to develop fast and accurate sequencing techniques
- the ethics of using information from genomes at the individual level
- the availability and stability of DNA
- all of the above
18. Genomics can be used in agriculture to:
- generate new hybrid strains
- improve disease resistance
- improve yield
- all of the above
19. Genomics can be used on a personal level to:
- decrease transplant rejection
- predict genetic diseases that a person may have inherited
- determine the risks of genetic diseases for an individual’s children
- all of the above
20. What is a biomarker?
- the color coding of different genes
- a protein that is uniquely produced in a diseased state
- a molecule in the genome or proteome
- a marker that is genetically inherited
21. A protein signature is:
- the path followed by a protein after it is synthesized in the nucleus
- the path followed by a protein in the cytoplasm
- a protein expressed on the cell surface
- a unique set of proteins present in a diseased state